Lidocaine Reducing Pain from Benzathine Penicillin Injection: A Controlled Trial

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is an event that alarms medical personnel owing to its adverse effects, including heightened morbidity and mortality rates, prolonged recovery times, increased lengths of hospital stay healthcare expenditure. The populations at high risk are elderly, critical patients, or complicated cases need surgery in which the hemodynamics not stable. Although guidelines have been established facilitate early diagnosis POCD, prevention recommended for good patient outcomes. A preoperative assessment a prerequisite optimization before surgery. Intraoperative, enhanced-recovery protocols widely adopted promote following Frequent, postoperative assessments patients’ vital signs functions required POCD detection. Patients diagnosed with regular follow-up, proper counselling paramount.